Pesagi volcano, a collapsed caldera SE of Ranau Lake, was mapped as a morphologically youthful volcano of likely late Pleistocene age (Sieh and Natawidjaja, 2000; Widarto et al., 2016). However, Wahib (1998) suggests that it erupted in the Holocene, and is in part responsible for young volcanic breccias, tuffs, and andesites in the region. The slopes are quite dissected in spots and approach angles as steep as 70° near the summit (Wahib, 1998). These inherently unstable slopes collapsed in the wake of the 1993 Liwa earthquake, leading to destructive landslides.
Source: Global Volcanism Program
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